Simulace.info - User contributions [en]

Scooter rental

2022-01-31T22:57:03Z

Liudmila kalashnikova:

'''Title''' : Scooter rental
'''Author''' : Liudmila Kalashnikova
'''Methods''': Agent-based modeling
'''Tool''': Netlogo

'''Problem definition'''
----
Today in almost each big city you can find a huge number of scooters which can be rented. The main feature of scooter rental is that you can take it at one point in the city and return it to another when you finish your route. If there is no scooter nearby, then obviously a potential client will not take it. The more scooters there are in the city, the more chances that people will use this service; however, scooter support also requires additional resources and extra costs.

'''Simulation'''
----
The goal of this agent-based simulation is to define optimal number of scooters and service groups for specific city to maximize profit of the company.
Simulation is based on general observation and russian scooter rental market analysis presented by Truesharing ([https://truesharing.ru/tp/28275/ read article]). One tick is considered as one minute, one patch size is 100x100 meters.
The simulation has a list of simplifications and limitations; however the overall process looks as folows:
* On the dashboard it is necessary to set number of scooters, riders and service groups.
* After clicking setup and go buttons. 10% of potential riders will start to look for scooters. Only riders with high propensity_to_rent will go to take the scooter with the speed of 6 km/h.
* After reaching the scooter, the ride starts with the speed of 200 km/h to the end point.
* If the scooter is out of charge, the nearest service group is heading to it. After 45 minutes of recharge, it can be used again.
* The process repeats till the end of simulation. The proposed number of ticks to consider is 132 480 (the number of minutes in summer season).
* The results can be accessed based on monitor and plot for profit.

'''Agents'''
----
Three types of agents are used: Scooters, Riders and Service groups
Scooters
Represent scooters which can be rented. One scooter with maximum charge can work for 3 hours. One minute of riding costs 12 russian roubles. Average speed is 20 km/h Scooters have the following characteristics:
* state - current state of the scooter. Possible options are 1 - available, 2 - rented, 3 - on service, 4 - discharged.
* price - price per minute (12 roubles).
* charge_level - number of minutes used.
* costs - amount of money users paid.
* minutes - total number of minutes in use.

Riders
Represent all people with application for rental. Average speed of walking is 6 km/h. Riders have the following characteristics:
* state - current state of the rider. Possible options are 1 - walking, 2 - going to scooter, 3 - riding.
* scooter_assigned - scooter which was selected in application.
* location_x - x value of the end point of the ride.
* location_y - y value of the end point of the ride.
* propensity_to_rent - propensity of the client to rent a scooter, it depends on distance between rider and potential scooter.

Service groups:
Represent groups of employees which are responsible for charging the vehicles. The costs of 1 charge are 750 roubles. Service groups have the following characteristics:
*state - current state of service groups. Possible options are 1 - don't work at the moment, 2 - on the way to scooter, 3 - work at the moment.
*scooter_assigned - the closest scooter which will be recharged.
*costs - total costs for charging
*item_minutes - number of minutes spent for the current scooter.

'''Results'''
----
To evaluate the results the number of users was fixed to 2000. According to the research of russian scooter market, to serve this number of people it is necessary to have about 200 scooters. Let us check how many service groups is required to maximaze the profit in 1 summer month. With 10 service groups the expected profit is planned to be about 6400000 russian roubles. WIth 20 service groups the estimated profit is about 12000000 russian roubles. With the increase of service groups the number of available scooters also growth in this case. It should be mentioned that the profit is overestimated since not all costs are included.

'''Code'''
----
[[File:Simulation_scooter_rental.nlogo]]

Scooter rental

2022-01-31T22:56:35Z

Liudmila kalashnikova: Scooter Rental

'''Title''' : Scooter rental
'''Author''' : Liudmila Kalashnikova
'''Methods''': Agent-based modeling
'''Tool''': Netlogo

'''Problem definition'''
----
Today in almost each big city you can find a huge number of scooters which can be rented. The main feature of scooter rental is that you can take it at one point in the city and return it to another when you finish your route. If there is no scooter nearby, then obviously a potential client will not take it. The more scooters there are in the city, the more chances that people will use this service; however, scooter support also requires additional resources and extra costs.

'''Simulation'''
----
The goal of this agent-based simulation is to define optimal number of scooters and service groups for specific city to maximize profit of the company.
Si,ulation is based on general observation and russian scooter rental market analysis presented by Truesharing ([https://truesharing.ru/tp/28275/ read article]). One tick is considered as one minute, one patch size is 100x100 meters.
The simulation has a list of simplifications and limitations; however the overall process looks as folows:
* On the dashboard it is necessary to set number of scooters, riders and service groups.
* After clicking setup and go buttons. 10% of potential riders will start to look for scooters. Only riders with high propensity_to_rent will go to take the scooter with the speed of 6 km/h.
* After reaching the scooter, the ride starts with the speed of 200 km/h to the end point.
* If the scooter is out of charge, the nearest service group is heading to it. After 45 minutes of recharge, it can be used again.
* The process repeats till the end of simulation. The proposed number of ticks to consider is 132 480 (the number of minutes in summer season).
* The results can be accessed based on monitor and plot for profit.

'''Agents'''
----
Three types of agents are used: Scooters, Riders and Service groups
Scooters
Represent scooters which can be rented. One scooter with maximum charge can work for 3 hours. One minute of riding costs 12 russian roubles. Average speed is 20 km/h Scooters have the following characteristics:
* state - current state of the scooter. Possible options are 1 - available, 2 - rented, 3 - on service, 4 - discharged.
* price - price per minute (12 roubles).
* charge_level - number of minutes used.
* costs - amount of money users paid.
* minutes - total number of minutes in use.

Riders
Represent all people with application for rental. Average speed of walking is 6 km/h. Riders have the following characteristics:
* state - current state of the rider. Possible options are 1 - walking, 2 - going to scooter, 3 - riding.
* scooter_assigned - scooter which was selected in application.
* location_x - x value of the end point of the ride.
* location_y - y value of the end point of the ride.
* propensity_to_rent - propensity of the client to rent a scooter, it depends on distance between rider and potential scooter.

Service groups:
Represent groups of employees which are responsible for charging the vehicles. The costs of 1 charge are 750 roubles. Service groups have the following characteristics:
*state - current state of service groups. Possible options are 1 - don't work at the moment, 2 - on the way to scooter, 3 - work at the moment.
*scooter_assigned - the closest scooter which will be recharged.
*costs - total costs for charging
*item_minutes - number of minutes spent for the current scooter.

'''Results'''
----
To evaluate the results the number of users was fixed to 2000. According to the research of russian scooter market, to serve this number of people it is necessary to have about 200 scooters. Let us check how many service groups is required to maximaze the profit in 1 summer month. With 10 service groups the expected profit is planned to be about 6400000 russian roubles. WIth 20 service groups the estimated profit is about 12000000 russian roubles. With the increase of service groups the number of available scooters also growth in this case. It should be mentioned that the profit is overestimated since not all costs are included.

'''Code'''
----
[[File:Simulation_scooter_rental.nlogo]]

File:Simulation scooter rental.nlogo

2022-01-31T22:56:01Z

Liudmila kalashnikova:

WS 2021/2022

2022-01-31T21:56:07Z

Liudmila kalashnikova:

Semestral papers from winter term 2021/2022. Please, put here links to the pages with your paper. First you need to have your [[Assignments WS 2021/2022|assignment approved]]

[[Carsharing_Fleet_Optimization|Carsharing Fleet Optimization]], Sergei Shcherbinin [[User:Shcs00|shcs00]] 16:57, 20 December 2021 (CET)

[https://www.simulace.info/index.php/Optimizing_the_Process_of_Baking_Wedding_Sweets#Model_Source_Code Optimizing the Process of Baking Wedding Sweets], [[User:Cerm18|Michaela Červinková (cerm18)]] ([[User talk:Cerm18|talk]]) 15:25, 21 January 2022 (CET)

[https://www.simulace.info/index.php/A_b_test A/B test] By Vaso Dzhinchvelashvili

[https://www.simulace.info/index.php/Is_it_possible_to_stop_fake_news Is it possible to stop fake news], [[User:Mart13|Tomáš Martínek (mart13)]] ([[User talk:Mart13|talk]]) 14:41, 30 January 2022 (CET)

[https://www.simulace.info/index.php/Scooter_rental Scooter rental], Liudmila Kalashnikova, 31 January 2022

Scooter rental

2022-01-31T21:49:35Z

Liudmila kalashnikova:

Scooter Rental

[[File:Example.jpg]]

WS 2021/2022

2022-01-31T21:48:54Z

Liudmila kalashnikova:

Scooter rental

2022-01-31T21:47:55Z

Liudmila kalashnikova: Created page with "Scooter Rental"

Scooter Rental

Assignments WS 2021/2022

2021-12-10T23:42:09Z

Liudmila kalashnikova:

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Please, put here your assignments. Do not forget to sign them. You can use <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> (four tildas) for an automatic signature. Use Show preview in order to check the result before your final sumbition.
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Please, strive to formulate your assignment carefully. We expect an adequate effort to formulate the assignment as it is your semestral paper. Do not forget that your main goal is a research paper. It means your simulation model must generate the results that are specific, measurable and verifiable. Think twice how you will develop your model, which entities you will use, draw a model diagram, consider what you will measure. No sooner than when you have a good idea about the model, submit your assignment. And of course, read [[How to deal with the simulation assignment|How to deal with the simulation assignment]].
</div>
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Topics on gambling, cards, etc. are not welcome.
</div>
}}

{{Ambox
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| text = <div>
In order to avoid possible confusion, please, check if you have added '''approved''' in bold somewhere in our comment under your submission. If there is no '''approved''', it means the assignment was not approved yet.
</div>
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== Spread of covid19 in closed/open area markets ==

In winter 2021 in Czechia the christmas markets were banned due to another covid19 infection wave. On the other hand people are free to go into shopping malls. It would be interesting to use existing data about covid19 virus transmission in agent based simulation to see how many people get infected and in what speed depending on whether they are in a christmas (open) market, or in a shopping mall (closed). The main goal will be to see if the simulation would backup the decision that has been made about christmas markets.

Possible research papers that contain data about covid spreading
* [https://www.kaggle.com/guidant/covid19-evolution-transmission-spatialpatterns/ Kaggle notebook - Covid19, Evolution, Transmission, Spatial Patterns]
* [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10668-020-00884-x/ Research - Understanding COVID-19 transmission, health impacts and mitigation: timely social distancing is the key]

This simulation would be realised using NetLogo.

Summary:

'''WHAT will be simulated'''
* market place, which can be both open space or closed space.
* people with or without masks, who will walk from shop to shop, with some intention and some of them will be virus carriers
* virus, which will spread in places where people go through (depending on the closed/open area, the infection rates will differ)

'''GOAL of the simulation'''
* answer the question: "Where is the virus spread more significant? At the market place, or at the shopping mall?"

'''TOOL used for the simulation'''
* NetLogo
* Agent based simulation

'''Author:''' Angel Kostov, xkosa20

: '''Approved''' [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 11:58, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Effects of COVID-19 vaccination on the spread of infection ==

'''Problem definition'''

Currently, there is a new wave of infection in the COVID-19 pandemic with high number of infections. In Germany, for example, more than 50,000 new infections are currently reported every day. To reduce the infection rate, a wide variety of measures have been implemented. One of these measures are the vaccination and masks. Vaccination can reduce the risk of infection and the likelihood of transmissibility. A simulation is conducted to vividly identify the extent to which vaccination could contain the pandemic.

'''Simulation'''

The purpose of the simulation is to show how COVID-19 vaccination affects the spread of the pandemic. I will use an agent-based model in order to simulate the scenario in a simplified form based on existing scientific data. In addition, current COVID-19 measures are considered.

Subjects of the simulation:

Environment:
* A village with around 6.000 inhabitants
* Simplified: The village is closed that is new people cannot come in and people of the village cannot go out

Agents:
* Vaccinated persons
* Unvaccinated persons
* Simulations with different vaccination rates to compare the different infection courses

Further measures:
* All people wear masks
* Nobody wears a mask

Start:
* Few agents are unknowingly infected (e.g. 0,1% of the inhabitants = 6 people)
* Movement of agents intended to reflect the daily behavior of people in real life in a simplified form.
* One agent can infect another agent with a certain probability if they are close to each other.
* The probability of an infection depends on the measure (vaccination / mask)

'''Goal:'''
* Identify the infection course with different vaccination rates and measures.
* Showing the importance of vaccination.

'''Method'''
* NetLogo

'''Possible data sources'''

https://www.rki.de/SharedDocs/FAQ/COVID-Impfen/FAQ_Liste_Wirksamkeit.html

Chia, P. Y., Xiang Ong, S. W., Chiew, C. J., Ang, L. W., Chavatte, J.-M., Mak, T.-M., Cui, L., Kalimuddin, S., Chia, W. N., Tan, C. W., Ann Chai, L. Y., Tan, S. Y., Zheng, S., Pin Lin, R. T., Wang, L., Leo, Y.-S., Lee, V. J., Lye, D. C., & Young, B. E. (2021). Virological and serological kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant vaccine-breakthrough infections: A multi-center cohort study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, S1198743X21006388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.11.010

Eyre, D. W., Taylor, D., Purver, M., Chapman, D., Fowler, T., Pouwels, K., Walker, A. S., & Peto, T. E. (2021). The impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on Alpha and Delta variant transmission [Preprint]. Infectious Diseases (except HIV/AIDS). https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.28.21264260

Harder, T., Külper-Schiek, W., Reda, S., Treskova-Schwarzbach, M., Koch, J., Vygen-Bonnet, S., & Wichmann, O. (2021). Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection with the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant: Second interim results of a living systematic review and meta-analysis, 1 January to 25 August 2021. Eurosurveillance, 26(41). https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.41.2100920

'''Author:''' Laura Kundmueller

: OK, but, please, elaborate it a bit. How exactly should the simulation look like, kinds of agents, etc. And mainly: the sources of data, etc. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:00, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Simulation of genetic algorithm: Travelling Salesman Problem ==

'''Simulation'''

The topic of this simulation is an old graph problem, Travelling Salesman Problem. My approach would be based on genetic learning algorithm. A random map will be generated at the start. Salesman is travelling in a car with some gas. The gas is used as he travels, it can be recharged at gas stations but it costs money. The map contains some hills and flat roads, which have a different cost of gas when going through.

'''The goal is:'''
* to find the optimum path between the towns.

'''The parameters are:'''
* number of agents (travelling salesmen)
* gas in car
* money

* number of towns
* number of hills
* number of gas stations

'''Method'''
* NetLogo

'''Author:''' [[User:Mart13|Mart13]] ([[User talk:Mart13|talk]]) 09:57, 9 December 2021 (CET)

: Although this isn't a true agent-based simulation, we sometimes accept topics from artificial intelligence and other related fields. However, it is necessary to elaborate it in deep. How exactly the algorithm will work. What is the goal (not the goal of the agent, but the goal of this work)? Etc. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:03, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Optimizing the process of baking wedding sweets ==

'''Simulation'''
There is a wedding tradition in Czech Republic of baking wedding sweets and then handing them out to the guests of the weeding as a form of invitation. Process of baking usually takes whole day and several helpers in the kitchen are needed. Into paper baskets are usually packaged two types of sweets: several small ones with 3 different flavours and one so-called "rohový koláč". Which are then delivered by the bride to wedding guests. For the purpose of this simulation are process and needed ingredients simplified.

'''The goal is:'''
The goal is to optimize the number of helpers in the kitchen and find optimal amount of basic ingredients for specified number of guests.

'''Method:'''
Discrete simulation - SIMPROCESS

'''Entities:'''
* sweets
* paper baskets
* baking trays

'''Resources'''
* pastry-cooks
* bride
* flour
* sugar
* curd
* plum jam
* poppy seed filling

'''Process steps'''
* order for paper basket
* preparing sweets: small ones (3 different flavours), "rohove kolače" sweets (using all flavours)
* baking in the oven
* sugar coating
* packaging
* delivery

'''Data:'''
* https://www.svetsvateb.cz/2021/02/623262-svatebni-kolacky/
* https://megvkuchyni.cz/recepty/speciality/svatebni-special-jak-na-svatebni-kolacky/
* experience

'''Author:''' [[User:Cerm18|Michaela Červinková (cerm18)]] ([[User talk:Cerm18|talk]]) 10:16, 8 December 2021 (CET)

: OK, maybe. '''Approved'''. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:05, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Carsharing company fleet optimization ==

'''Problem definition'''

Recently, carsharing becomes more and more popular in large cities. Short-term rental (from several minutes to 24 hours) of a car with possibility to drop it anywhere in the allowed area in the city attracts people who for some reasons do not want to use their own vehicles. However, it is not always convenient. If the fleet is relatively small, the probability that a car will be somewhere close by is also quite low. Cars also must be refueled or recharged sometimes by external staff, which would increase cost of the fleet maintenance with increasing of the fleet size.

'''Simulation'''

The proposing agent-based simulation will reproduce real situation with shared cars.
Two types of agents are planned:
* cars with different states (waiting, in rent, maintenance) and characteristics (mileage, fuel level)
* drivers - users of the service, who rent the cars and have their own behavior, including decision making on taking a car, driving style, and so on.
Some data for the model will be obtained as personal observations of two carsharing services operating in Prague, [https://anytimecar.cz/ Anytime] and [https://www.uniqway.cz/ Uniqway] (for example, number of available cars, which is visible in mobile applications). Another source of data would be statistics collected by other services abroad, for example, by operating in Russia service Yandex.Drive[https://www.statista.com/statistics/1224178/daily-use-duration-of-car-sharing-vehicles-in-moscow-by-vehicle-type/].

'''The goal is:'''
to find out optimal fleet size and structure and price policy to maximize revenue of a carsharing company.

'''Method:'''
agent-based simulation - NetLogo

'''Author:''' [[User:Shcs00|Sergei Shcherbinin (shcs00)]] ([[User talk:Shcs00|talk]]) 12:34, 8 December 2021 (CET)

: I like the idea. Please, do not hesitate to contact the companies directly for the data. They are sometimes willing to help if you require just general, non sensitive data. '''Approved'''. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:08, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== How long would it take to find love ==

'''Problem definition'''

There is such thing as Drake formula used to calculate a chanse to meet an alien https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drake_equation
Also there is an article https://e-lub.net/annuals/why.htm - to sum up, it is Drakes formula used to calculate a chance to meet a love of your life in London

So What I want to do is to let user enter some parameters of what he/she thinks the perfect person is and based on the entered parameters we will see how long would it take to meet a perfect person in a city (say, Prague).

'''Simulation'''

Data about the city would be taken from official sources (might be Eurostat or some other data that is gathered by Czech statistical office)
User will enter all the parameters and then see when will he meet a person.
Of course for the sake of achievability some things will be simplified. For example I don't think I will actualy add millions of agents, Maybe hundreds would be enough.

'''The goal is:'''
To see how year passes after year and love is still not found:) Or maybe to understand that lowering the expectations could correspond to finding a love faster

'''Method:'''
agent-based simulation - NetLogo

Author - Vaso Dzhinchvelashvili

== Scooter rental ==

'''Problem definition'''

Today in almost each big city you can find a huge number of scooter which can be rented. The main feature of scooter rental is that you can take it at one point in the city and return it to another when you finish your route.
If there is no scooter nearby, then obviously a potential client will not take it. In addition, people prefer to ride with friends, so the likelihood of renting a scooter is higher if there are several of them at one point.
The more scooters there are in the city, the more chances that people will use this service, however, scooter support also requires additional resources and extra costs.

'''Simulation'''

The goal of agent-based simulation is to define optimal number of scooters for specific city and its destribution within the city to maximize income of the company.
Two types of agents will be used:
*scooters with a list of states (rented, broken, available, available + near other scooters) and characteristics such as, for example, charge level.
*clients with different characteristics (for example, alone, with friend, maximal suitable distance to a scooter)

'''Method:'''
Agent-based simulation in NetLogo

'''Author:''' [[User:liudmila_kalashnikova| Liudmila Kalashnikova (liudmila_kalashnikova)]]

Assignments WS 2021/2022

2021-12-10T23:41:10Z

Liudmila kalashnikova:

{{Ambox
| text = <div>
Please, put here your assignments. Do not forget to sign them. You can use <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> (four tildas) for an automatic signature. Use Show preview in order to check the result before your final sumbition.
</div>
}}

{{Ambox
| text = <div>
Please, strive to formulate your assignment carefully. We expect an adequate effort to formulate the assignment as it is your semestral paper. Do not forget that your main goal is a research paper. It means your simulation model must generate the results that are specific, measurable and verifiable. Think twice how you will develop your model, which entities you will use, draw a model diagram, consider what you will measure. No sooner than when you have a good idea about the model, submit your assignment. And of course, read [[How to deal with the simulation assignment|How to deal with the simulation assignment]].
</div>
}}

{{Ambox
| text = <div>
Topics on gambling, cards, etc. are not welcome.
</div>
}}

{{Ambox
| type = content
| text = <div>
In order to avoid possible confusion, please, check if you have added '''approved''' in bold somewhere in our comment under your submission. If there is no '''approved''', it means the assignment was not approved yet.
</div>
}}

== Spread of covid19 in closed/open area markets ==

In winter 2021 in Czechia the christmas markets were banned due to another covid19 infection wave. On the other hand people are free to go into shopping malls. It would be interesting to use existing data about covid19 virus transmission in agent based simulation to see how many people get infected and in what speed depending on whether they are in a christmas (open) market, or in a shopping mall (closed). The main goal will be to see if the simulation would backup the decision that has been made about christmas markets.

Possible research papers that contain data about covid spreading
* [https://www.kaggle.com/guidant/covid19-evolution-transmission-spatialpatterns/ Kaggle notebook - Covid19, Evolution, Transmission, Spatial Patterns]
* [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10668-020-00884-x/ Research - Understanding COVID-19 transmission, health impacts and mitigation: timely social distancing is the key]

This simulation would be realised using NetLogo.

Summary:

'''WHAT will be simulated'''
* market place, which can be both open space or closed space.
* people with or without masks, who will walk from shop to shop, with some intention and some of them will be virus carriers
* virus, which will spread in places where people go through (depending on the closed/open area, the infection rates will differ)

'''GOAL of the simulation'''
* answer the question: "Where is the virus spread more significant? At the market place, or at the shopping mall?"

'''TOOL used for the simulation'''
* NetLogo
* Agent based simulation

'''Author:''' Angel Kostov, xkosa20

: '''Approved''' [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 11:58, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Effects of COVID-19 vaccination on the spread of infection ==

'''Problem definition'''

Currently, there is a new wave of infection in the COVID-19 pandemic with high number of infections. In Germany, for example, more than 50,000 new infections are currently reported every day. To reduce the infection rate, a wide variety of measures have been implemented. One of these measures are the vaccination and masks. Vaccination can reduce the risk of infection and the likelihood of transmissibility. A simulation is conducted to vividly identify the extent to which vaccination could contain the pandemic.

'''Simulation'''

The purpose of the simulation is to show how COVID-19 vaccination affects the spread of the pandemic. I will use an agent-based model in order to simulate the scenario in a simplified form based on existing scientific data. In addition, current COVID-19 measures are considered.

Subjects of the simulation:

Environment:
* A village with around 6.000 inhabitants
* Simplified: The village is closed that is new people cannot come in and people of the village cannot go out

Agents:
* Vaccinated persons
* Unvaccinated persons
* Simulations with different vaccination rates to compare the different infection courses

Further measures:
* All people wear masks
* Nobody wears a mask

Start:
* Few agents are unknowingly infected (e.g. 0,1% of the inhabitants = 6 people)
* Movement of agents intended to reflect the daily behavior of people in real life in a simplified form.
* One agent can infect another agent with a certain probability if they are close to each other.
* The probability of an infection depends on the measure (vaccination / mask)

'''Goal:'''
* Identify the infection course with different vaccination rates and measures.
* Showing the importance of vaccination.

'''Method'''
* NetLogo

'''Possible data sources'''

https://www.rki.de/SharedDocs/FAQ/COVID-Impfen/FAQ_Liste_Wirksamkeit.html

Chia, P. Y., Xiang Ong, S. W., Chiew, C. J., Ang, L. W., Chavatte, J.-M., Mak, T.-M., Cui, L., Kalimuddin, S., Chia, W. N., Tan, C. W., Ann Chai, L. Y., Tan, S. Y., Zheng, S., Pin Lin, R. T., Wang, L., Leo, Y.-S., Lee, V. J., Lye, D. C., & Young, B. E. (2021). Virological and serological kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant vaccine-breakthrough infections: A multi-center cohort study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, S1198743X21006388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.11.010

Eyre, D. W., Taylor, D., Purver, M., Chapman, D., Fowler, T., Pouwels, K., Walker, A. S., & Peto, T. E. (2021). The impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on Alpha and Delta variant transmission [Preprint]. Infectious Diseases (except HIV/AIDS). https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.28.21264260

Harder, T., Külper-Schiek, W., Reda, S., Treskova-Schwarzbach, M., Koch, J., Vygen-Bonnet, S., & Wichmann, O. (2021). Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection with the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant: Second interim results of a living systematic review and meta-analysis, 1 January to 25 August 2021. Eurosurveillance, 26(41). https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.41.2100920

'''Author:''' Laura Kundmueller

: OK, but, please, elaborate it a bit. How exactly should the simulation look like, kinds of agents, etc. And mainly: the sources of data, etc. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:00, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Simulation of genetic algorithm: Travelling Salesman Problem ==

'''Simulation'''

The topic of this simulation is an old graph problem, Travelling Salesman Problem. My approach would be based on genetic learning algorithm. A random map will be generated at the start. Salesman is travelling in a car with some gas. The gas is used as he travels, it can be recharged at gas stations but it costs money. The map contains some hills and flat roads, which have a different cost of gas when going through.

'''The goal is:'''
* to find the optimum path between the towns.

'''The parameters are:'''
* number of agents (travelling salesmen)
* gas in car
* money

* number of towns
* number of hills
* number of gas stations

'''Method'''
* NetLogo

'''Author:''' [[User:Mart13|Mart13]] ([[User talk:Mart13|talk]]) 09:57, 9 December 2021 (CET)

: Although this isn't a true agent-based simulation, we sometimes accept topics from artificial intelligence and other related fields. However, it is necessary to elaborate it in deep. How exactly the algorithm will work. What is the goal (not the goal of the agent, but the goal of this work)? Etc. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:03, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Optimizing the process of baking wedding sweets ==

'''Simulation'''
There is a wedding tradition in Czech Republic of baking wedding sweets and then handing them out to the guests of the weeding as a form of invitation. Process of baking usually takes whole day and several helpers in the kitchen are needed. Into paper baskets are usually packaged two types of sweets: several small ones with 3 different flavours and one so-called "rohový koláč". Which are then delivered by the bride to wedding guests. For the purpose of this simulation are process and needed ingredients simplified.

'''The goal is:'''
The goal is to optimize the number of helpers in the kitchen and find optimal amount of basic ingredients for specified number of guests.

'''Method:'''
Discrete simulation - SIMPROCESS

'''Entities:'''
* sweets
* paper baskets
* baking trays

'''Resources'''
* pastry-cooks
* bride
* flour
* sugar
* curd
* plum jam
* poppy seed filling

'''Process steps'''
* order for paper basket
* preparing sweets: small ones (3 different flavours), "rohove kolače" sweets (using all flavours)
* baking in the oven
* sugar coating
* packaging
* delivery

'''Data:'''
* https://www.svetsvateb.cz/2021/02/623262-svatebni-kolacky/
* https://megvkuchyni.cz/recepty/speciality/svatebni-special-jak-na-svatebni-kolacky/
* experience

'''Author:''' [[User:Cerm18|Michaela Červinková (cerm18)]] ([[User talk:Cerm18|talk]]) 10:16, 8 December 2021 (CET)

: OK, maybe. '''Approved'''. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:05, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Carsharing company fleet optimization ==

'''Problem definition'''

Recently, carsharing becomes more and more popular in large cities. Short-term rental (from several minutes to 24 hours) of a car with possibility to drop it anywhere in the allowed area in the city attracts people who for some reasons do not want to use their own vehicles. However, it is not always convenient. If the fleet is relatively small, the probability that a car will be somewhere close by is also quite low. Cars also must be refueled or recharged sometimes by external staff, which would increase cost of the fleet maintenance with increasing of the fleet size.

'''Simulation'''

The proposing agent-based simulation will reproduce real situation with shared cars.
Two types of agents are planned:
* cars with different states (waiting, in rent, maintenance) and characteristics (mileage, fuel level)
* drivers - users of the service, who rent the cars and have their own behavior, including decision making on taking a car, driving style, and so on.
Some data for the model will be obtained as personal observations of two carsharing services operating in Prague, [https://anytimecar.cz/ Anytime] and [https://www.uniqway.cz/ Uniqway] (for example, number of available cars, which is visible in mobile applications). Another source of data would be statistics collected by other services abroad, for example, by operating in Russia service Yandex.Drive[https://www.statista.com/statistics/1224178/daily-use-duration-of-car-sharing-vehicles-in-moscow-by-vehicle-type/].

'''The goal is:'''
to find out optimal fleet size and structure and price policy to maximize revenue of a carsharing company.

'''Method:'''
agent-based simulation - NetLogo

'''Author:''' [[User:Shcs00|Sergei Shcherbinin (shcs00)]] ([[User talk:Shcs00|talk]]) 12:34, 8 December 2021 (CET)

: I like the idea. Please, do not hesitate to contact the companies directly for the data. They are sometimes willing to help if you require just general, non sensitive data. '''Approved'''. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:08, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== How long would it take to find love ==

'''Problem definition'''

There is such thing as Drake formula used to calculate a chanse to meet an alien https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drake_equation
Also there is an article https://e-lub.net/annuals/why.htm - to sum up, it is Drakes formula used to calculate a chance to meet a love of your life in London

So What I want to do is to let user enter some parameters of what he/she thinks the perfect person is and based on the entered parameters we will see how long would it take to meet a perfect person in a city (say, Prague).

'''Simulation'''

Data about the city would be taken from official sources (might be Eurostat or some other data that is gathered by Czech statistical office)
User will enter all the parameters and then see when will he meet a person.
Of course for the sake of achievability some things will be simplified. For example I don't think I will actualy add millions of agents, Maybe hundreds would be enough.

'''The goal is:'''
To see how year passes after year and love is still not found:) Or maybe to understand that lowering the expectations could correspond to finding a love faster

'''Method:'''
agent-based simulation - NetLogo

Author - Vaso Dzhinchvelashvili

== Scooter rental ==

'''Problem definition'''

Today in almost each big city you can find a huge number of scooter which can be rented. The main feature of scooter rental is that you can take it at one point in the city and return it to another when you finish your route.
If there is no scooter nearby, then obviously a potential client will not take it. In addition, people prefer to ride with friends, so the likelihood of renting a scooter is higher if there are several of them at one point.
The more scooters there are in the city, the more chances that people will use this service, however, scooter support also requires additional resources and extra costs.

'''Simulation'''

The goal of agent-based simulation is to define optimal number of scooters for specific city and its destribution within the city to maximize income of the company.
Two types of agents will be used:
* scooters with a list of states (rented, broken, available, available + near other scooters) and characteristics such as, for example, charge level.
* clients with different characteristics (for example, alone, with friend, maximal suitable distance to a scooter)

'''Method:'''
Agent-based simulation in NetLogo

'''Author:''' [[User:liudmila_kalashnikova| Liudmila Kalashnikova (liudmila_kalashnikova)]]

Assignments WS 2021/2022

2021-12-10T23:40:16Z

Liudmila kalashnikova:

{{Ambox
| text = <div>
Please, put here your assignments. Do not forget to sign them. You can use <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> (four tildas) for an automatic signature. Use Show preview in order to check the result before your final sumbition.
</div>
}}

{{Ambox
| text = <div>
Please, strive to formulate your assignment carefully. We expect an adequate effort to formulate the assignment as it is your semestral paper. Do not forget that your main goal is a research paper. It means your simulation model must generate the results that are specific, measurable and verifiable. Think twice how you will develop your model, which entities you will use, draw a model diagram, consider what you will measure. No sooner than when you have a good idea about the model, submit your assignment. And of course, read [[How to deal with the simulation assignment|How to deal with the simulation assignment]].
</div>
}}

{{Ambox
| text = <div>
Topics on gambling, cards, etc. are not welcome.
</div>
}}

{{Ambox
| type = content
| text = <div>
In order to avoid possible confusion, please, check if you have added '''approved''' in bold somewhere in our comment under your submission. If there is no '''approved''', it means the assignment was not approved yet.
</div>
}}

== Spread of covid19 in closed/open area markets ==

In winter 2021 in Czechia the christmas markets were banned due to another covid19 infection wave. On the other hand people are free to go into shopping malls. It would be interesting to use existing data about covid19 virus transmission in agent based simulation to see how many people get infected and in what speed depending on whether they are in a christmas (open) market, or in a shopping mall (closed). The main goal will be to see if the simulation would backup the decision that has been made about christmas markets.

Possible research papers that contain data about covid spreading
* [https://www.kaggle.com/guidant/covid19-evolution-transmission-spatialpatterns/ Kaggle notebook - Covid19, Evolution, Transmission, Spatial Patterns]
* [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10668-020-00884-x/ Research - Understanding COVID-19 transmission, health impacts and mitigation: timely social distancing is the key]

This simulation would be realised using NetLogo.

Summary:

'''WHAT will be simulated'''
* market place, which can be both open space or closed space.
* people with or without masks, who will walk from shop to shop, with some intention and some of them will be virus carriers
* virus, which will spread in places where people go through (depending on the closed/open area, the infection rates will differ)

'''GOAL of the simulation'''
* answer the question: "Where is the virus spread more significant? At the market place, or at the shopping mall?"

'''TOOL used for the simulation'''
* NetLogo
* Agent based simulation

'''Author:''' Angel Kostov, xkosa20

: '''Approved''' [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 11:58, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Effects of COVID-19 vaccination on the spread of infection ==

'''Problem definition'''

Currently, there is a new wave of infection in the COVID-19 pandemic with high number of infections. In Germany, for example, more than 50,000 new infections are currently reported every day. To reduce the infection rate, a wide variety of measures have been implemented. One of these measures are the vaccination and masks. Vaccination can reduce the risk of infection and the likelihood of transmissibility. A simulation is conducted to vividly identify the extent to which vaccination could contain the pandemic.

'''Simulation'''

The purpose of the simulation is to show how COVID-19 vaccination affects the spread of the pandemic. I will use an agent-based model in order to simulate the scenario in a simplified form based on existing scientific data. In addition, current COVID-19 measures are considered.

Subjects of the simulation:

Environment:
* A village with around 6.000 inhabitants
* Simplified: The village is closed that is new people cannot come in and people of the village cannot go out

Agents:
* Vaccinated persons
* Unvaccinated persons
* Simulations with different vaccination rates to compare the different infection courses

Further measures:
* All people wear masks
* Nobody wears a mask

Start:
* Few agents are unknowingly infected (e.g. 0,1% of the inhabitants = 6 people)
* Movement of agents intended to reflect the daily behavior of people in real life in a simplified form.
* One agent can infect another agent with a certain probability if they are close to each other.
* The probability of an infection depends on the measure (vaccination / mask)

'''Goal:'''
* Identify the infection course with different vaccination rates and measures.
* Showing the importance of vaccination.

'''Method'''
* NetLogo

'''Possible data sources'''

https://www.rki.de/SharedDocs/FAQ/COVID-Impfen/FAQ_Liste_Wirksamkeit.html

Chia, P. Y., Xiang Ong, S. W., Chiew, C. J., Ang, L. W., Chavatte, J.-M., Mak, T.-M., Cui, L., Kalimuddin, S., Chia, W. N., Tan, C. W., Ann Chai, L. Y., Tan, S. Y., Zheng, S., Pin Lin, R. T., Wang, L., Leo, Y.-S., Lee, V. J., Lye, D. C., & Young, B. E. (2021). Virological and serological kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant vaccine-breakthrough infections: A multi-center cohort study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, S1198743X21006388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.11.010

Eyre, D. W., Taylor, D., Purver, M., Chapman, D., Fowler, T., Pouwels, K., Walker, A. S., & Peto, T. E. (2021). The impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on Alpha and Delta variant transmission [Preprint]. Infectious Diseases (except HIV/AIDS). https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.28.21264260

Harder, T., Külper-Schiek, W., Reda, S., Treskova-Schwarzbach, M., Koch, J., Vygen-Bonnet, S., & Wichmann, O. (2021). Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection with the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant: Second interim results of a living systematic review and meta-analysis, 1 January to 25 August 2021. Eurosurveillance, 26(41). https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.41.2100920

'''Author:''' Laura Kundmueller

: OK, but, please, elaborate it a bit. How exactly should the simulation look like, kinds of agents, etc. And mainly: the sources of data, etc. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:00, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Simulation of genetic algorithm: Travelling Salesman Problem ==

'''Simulation'''

The topic of this simulation is an old graph problem, Travelling Salesman Problem. My approach would be based on genetic learning algorithm. A random map will be generated at the start. Salesman is travelling in a car with some gas. The gas is used as he travels, it can be recharged at gas stations but it costs money. The map contains some hills and flat roads, which have a different cost of gas when going through.

'''The goal is:'''
* to find the optimum path between the towns.

'''The parameters are:'''
* number of agents (travelling salesmen)
* gas in car
* money

* number of towns
* number of hills
* number of gas stations

'''Method'''
* NetLogo

'''Author:''' [[User:Mart13|Mart13]] ([[User talk:Mart13|talk]]) 09:57, 9 December 2021 (CET)

: Although this isn't a true agent-based simulation, we sometimes accept topics from artificial intelligence and other related fields. However, it is necessary to elaborate it in deep. How exactly the algorithm will work. What is the goal (not the goal of the agent, but the goal of this work)? Etc. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:03, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Optimizing the process of baking wedding sweets ==

'''Simulation'''
There is a wedding tradition in Czech Republic of baking wedding sweets and then handing them out to the guests of the weeding as a form of invitation. Process of baking usually takes whole day and several helpers in the kitchen are needed. Into paper baskets are usually packaged two types of sweets: several small ones with 3 different flavours and one so-called "rohový koláč". Which are then delivered by the bride to wedding guests. For the purpose of this simulation are process and needed ingredients simplified.

'''The goal is:'''
The goal is to optimize the number of helpers in the kitchen and find optimal amount of basic ingredients for specified number of guests.

'''Method:'''
Discrete simulation - SIMPROCESS

'''Entities:'''
* sweets
* paper baskets
* baking trays

'''Resources'''
* pastry-cooks
* bride
* flour
* sugar
* curd
* plum jam
* poppy seed filling

'''Process steps'''
* order for paper basket
* preparing sweets: small ones (3 different flavours), "rohove kolače" sweets (using all flavours)
* baking in the oven
* sugar coating
* packaging
* delivery

'''Data:'''
* https://www.svetsvateb.cz/2021/02/623262-svatebni-kolacky/
* https://megvkuchyni.cz/recepty/speciality/svatebni-special-jak-na-svatebni-kolacky/
* experience

'''Author:''' [[User:Cerm18|Michaela Červinková (cerm18)]] ([[User talk:Cerm18|talk]]) 10:16, 8 December 2021 (CET)

: OK, maybe. '''Approved'''. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:05, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== Carsharing company fleet optimization ==

'''Problem definition'''

Recently, carsharing becomes more and more popular in large cities. Short-term rental (from several minutes to 24 hours) of a car with possibility to drop it anywhere in the allowed area in the city attracts people who for some reasons do not want to use their own vehicles. However, it is not always convenient. If the fleet is relatively small, the probability that a car will be somewhere close by is also quite low. Cars also must be refueled or recharged sometimes by external staff, which would increase cost of the fleet maintenance with increasing of the fleet size.

'''Simulation'''

The proposing agent-based simulation will reproduce real situation with shared cars.
Two types of agents are planned:
* cars with different states (waiting, in rent, maintenance) and characteristics (mileage, fuel level)
* drivers - users of the service, who rent the cars and have their own behavior, including decision making on taking a car, driving style, and so on.
Some data for the model will be obtained as personal observations of two carsharing services operating in Prague, [https://anytimecar.cz/ Anytime] and [https://www.uniqway.cz/ Uniqway] (for example, number of available cars, which is visible in mobile applications). Another source of data would be statistics collected by other services abroad, for example, by operating in Russia service Yandex.Drive[https://www.statista.com/statistics/1224178/daily-use-duration-of-car-sharing-vehicles-in-moscow-by-vehicle-type/].

'''The goal is:'''
to find out optimal fleet size and structure and price policy to maximize revenue of a carsharing company.

'''Method:'''
agent-based simulation - NetLogo

'''Author:''' [[User:Shcs00|Sergei Shcherbinin (shcs00)]] ([[User talk:Shcs00|talk]]) 12:34, 8 December 2021 (CET)

: I like the idea. Please, do not hesitate to contact the companies directly for the data. They are sometimes willing to help if you require just general, non sensitive data. '''Approved'''. [[User:Tomáš|Tomáš]] ([[User talk:Tomáš|talk]]) 12:08, 10 December 2021 (CET)

== How long would it take to find love ==

'''Problem definition'''

There is such thing as Drake formula used to calculate a chanse to meet an alien https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drake_equation
Also there is an article https://e-lub.net/annuals/why.htm - to sum up, it is Drakes formula used to calculate a chance to meet a love of your life in London

So What I want to do is to let user enter some parameters of what he/she thinks the perfect person is and based on the entered parameters we will see how long would it take to meet a perfect person in a city (say, Prague).

'''Simulation'''

Data about the city would be taken from official sources (might be Eurostat or some other data that is gathered by Czech statistical office)
User will enter all the parameters and then see when will he meet a person.
Of course for the sake of achievability some things will be simplified. For example I don't think I will actualy add millions of agents, Maybe hundreds would be enough.

'''The goal is:'''
To see how year passes after year and love is still not found:) Or maybe to understand that lowering the expectations could correspond to finding a love faster

'''Method:'''
agent-based simulation - NetLogo

Author - Vaso Dzhinchvelashvili

== Scooter rental ==

'''Problem definition'''

Today in almost each big city you can find a huge number of scooter which can be rented. The main feature of scooter rental is that you can take it at one point in the city and return it to another when you finish your route.
If there is no scooter nearby, then obviously a potential client will not take it. In addition, people prefer to ride with friends, so the likelihood of renting a scooter is higher if there are several of them at one point.
The more scooters there are in the city, the more chances that people will use this service, however, scooter support also requires additional resources and extra costs.

'''Simulation'''

The goal of agent-based simulation is to define optimal number of scooters for specific city and its destribution within the city to maximize income of the company.
Two types of agents will be used:
- scooters with a list of states (rented, broken, available, available + near other scooters) and characteristics such as, for example, charge level.
- clients with different characteristics (for example, alone, with friend, maximal suitable distance to a scooter)

'''Method:'''
Agent-based simulation in NetLogo

'''Author:''' [[User:liudmila_kalashnikova| Liudmila Kalashnikova (liudmila_kalashnikova)]]